Albendazole 400 mg Tablet: Uses, Dosage, Precautions, & Side Effects

Albendazole 400 mg tablets are a widely prescribed medication used to treat parasitic worm infections in both adults and children. As an anthelmintic, or anti-worm, medication, Albendazole works by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of parasitic worms, helping to eliminate the infection from the body. This blog provides an overview of the uses, dosage, and precautions associated with Albendazole 400 mg tablets, including information on who should take this medication. For those with liver conditions or complications, it's essential to consult a specialist at a reputable liver hospital in Noida before starting treatment.

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Prevalence and Efficacy of Albendazole for Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in India

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) affect an estimated 20-30% of India's population, with common infections from Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and hookworms. Albendazole, widely used for STH treatment, has shown cure rates of up to 80-90% for Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworms, with egg reduction rates around 70-80% in various studies. 
However, adverse effects such as headaches, abdominal pain, and elevated liver enzymes are reported in 10-20% of patients.
 

Uses of Albendazole 400 mg Tablets

Albendazole 400 mg tablets are primarily used to treat a range of parasitic infections caused by various types of worms, including:

• Intestinal Worm Infections: Albendazole is effective against common intestinal worms such as roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, and pinworms. These worms can cause gastrointestinal discomfort, malnutrition, and other health issues if left untreated.

• Hydatid Disease (Echinococcosis): This condition is caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus tapeworm and can lead to cyst formation in organs like the liver, lungs, and brain. Albendazole helps reduce the size of these cysts and prevents the growth of the parasite.

• Neurocysticercosis: Caused by the larvae of the pork tapeworm (Taenia solium), neurocysticercosis affects the brain, muscles, and other tissues, leading to seizures and other neurological symptoms. Albendazole is commonly used as part of the treatment regimen for this condition.

• Lymphatic Filariasis: Also known as elephantiasis, this condition is caused by filarial worms and leads to severe swelling and deformity of the limbs and genitals. Albendazole, often used in combination with other drugs, helps to reduce the worm burden and controls the disease.

Who Should Take Albendazole 400 mg Tablets?

Albendazole 400 mg tablets are prescribed for individuals diagnosed with or at risk of parasitic worm infections. The following groups of people may be recommended to take Albendazole:

• Patients Diagnosed with Parasitic Infections: Individuals who have been diagnosed with worm infections, such as those affecting the intestines, liver, or other organs, should take Albendazole as part of their treatment regimen.

• Travelers to Endemic Areas: People traveling to regions where parasitic infections are prevalent may be advised to take Albendazole as a preventive measure or treatment upon returning if they have been exposed to potential sources of infection.

• Children in High-Risk Environments: In areas where worm infections are common, children may be more susceptible due to exposure in schools or community settings. In such cases, Albendazole may be administered as part of deworming programs.

• Individuals with Specific Medical Conditions: Patients with conditions like neurocysticercosis or hydatid disease, which require targeted treatment, should take Albendazole under the supervision of a healthcare provider.

• Participants in Mass Drug Administration Programs: In some regions, Albendazole is distributed as part of mass drug administration programs aimed at controlling and eliminating parasitic infections in communities.

It is important to note that Albendazole should only be taken when prescribed by a healthcare professional, as improper use can lead to side-effects or ineffective treatment.
 

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Dosage and Administration

The dosage of Albendazole 400 mg tablets depends on the type of parasitic infection being treated, the patient's age, weight, and overall health. The following are general guidelines for its use:

• Intestinal Worm Infections: For most intestinal worm infections, a single dose of 400 mg is usually sufficient. In some cases, a second dose may be required after two weeks to ensure complete eradication of the parasites.

• Hydatid Disease: The typical dosage for hydatid disease is 400 mg twice daily for a course of 28 days, followed by a 14-day break. This cycle may be repeated for up to three cycles, depending on the severity of the infection.

• Neurocysticercosis: The dosage for neurocysticercosis is generally 400 mg twice daily for 8 to 30 days, depending on the patient’s response and the physician’s recommendation. It is often prescribed alongside corticosteroids and anticonvulsants.

• Lymphatic Filariasis: For lymphatic filariasis, a single dose of 400 mg is administered annually, often in combination with other antiparasitic drugs like ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine.

It is essential to follow the prescribed dosage exactly as directed by a healthcare professional. The tablets should be taken with food to increase absorption and effectiveness.
 

Precautions and Side Effects

While Albendazole 400 mg tablets are generally well-tolerated, certain precautions should be observed:

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Albendazole is not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester, due to the potential risk to the fetus. Women of child-bearing age should use effective contraception during treatment and for one month after completing therapy. Albendazole should also be used with caution while breastfeeding, as it can pass into breast milk.

• Liver Function: Albendazole is metabolized in the liver, so it should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Regular monitoring of liver enzymes may be necessary during prolonged treatment.

• Bone Marrow Suppression: Rarely, Albendazole can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to decreased white blood cell counts. Blood tests should be performed regularly during treatment, particularly in patients receiving long-term therapy.

• Allergic Reactions: Patients with a known allergy to Albendazole or other benzimidazole derivatives should avoid using this medication.

Common side effects of Albendazole 400 mg tablets may include headache, nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness, and temporary hair loss. Severe side effects are rare but can include liver damage, severe skin reactions, and hematologic abnormalities. Any unusual symptoms should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.

Safety Advice and Warnings

• ALCOHOL (Consult Your Doctor)
  The interaction between Albendazole 400 mg Tablet and alcohol is not well-established. It is advisable to consult your doctor before consuming alcohol while taking this medication.

• PREGNANCY (Consult Your Doctor)
  Albendazole 400 mg Tablet may not be safe during pregnancy. While human studies are limited, animal studies have indicated potential risks to the developing fetus. Your doctor will consider the benefits and potential risks before recommending this medication during pregnancy. Please consult your doctor for personalized advice. It is crucial to consult with the best gynecologist in Noida for personalized advice and guidance tailored to your specific condition.

• BREASTFEEDING (Safe If Prescribed)
  Albendazole 400 mg Tablet is generally considered safe for use while breastfeeding. Studies in humans suggest that the medication does not pass into breast milk in significant amounts and is unlikely to harm the nursing infant. However, it's always best to consult with a breastfeeding consultant to ensure the safety and well-being of both mother and child.

• DRIVING (Unsafe)
  Albendazole 400 mg Tablet may cause decreased alertness, vision disturbances, sleepiness, or dizziness. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is advisable not to drive or operate heavy machinery.

• KIDNEY (Safe If Prescribed)
  Albendazole 400 mg Tablet is likely safe for patients with kidney disease. Available data suggests that dose adjustments may not be necessary, but it is important to consult your doctor for specific recommendations.

• LIVER (Caution)
  Albendazole 400 mg Tablet should be used cautiously in patients with liver conditions. Dose adjustments may be required, and it is essential to consult your doctor. If you experience symptoms of jaundice, such as yellowing of the eyes and skin, itching, or clay-colored stools, seek medical attention promptly.
  
   

Meet the Best Gastroenterologist Doctors at Felix Hospital

• Dr. Jagatjot Singh Gill is a distinguished gastroenterologist with over 11 years of experience, specializing in hepatology and interventional endoscopy. His expertise extends to the diagnosis and treatment of complex parasitic worm infections, particularly those affecting the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Dr. Gill is renowned for his advanced endoscopic procedures, which enable precise identification and management of parasitic infections. His patient-centered approach ensures that individuals receive comprehensive care tailored to their specific needs, making him a trusted name in the field.

• Dr. Amrit Yog Datley is a respected gastroenterologist and critical care specialist with more than 8 years of experience, particularly in managing parasitic worm infections. His exceptional skills in diagnosing and treating intricate liver and gastrointestinal conditions, including those caused by parasitic infestations, set him apart. Dr. Datley's rigorous, evidence-based approach ensures that his patients receive top-tier care, focusing on the effective eradication of parasitic worms and the restoration of optimal gastrointestinal health.

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Conclusion

Albendazole 400 mg tablets are an essential medication in the treatment of parasitic worm infections. Their effectiveness in combating a wide range of parasitic diseases makes them a vital tool in public health efforts, particularly in regions where these infections are prevalent. As with any medication, it is important to use Albendazole under the guidance of a healthcare professional and to adhere to the prescribed dosage and precautions to ensure safety and efficacy.
 

FAQs on Albendazole 400 mg Tablets

Question 1: What is Albendazole 400 mg used for?

Answer: Albendazole is used to treat various types of worm infections, such as roundworm, tapeworm, hookworm, and other internal parasitic infections.

Question 2: How does Albendazole 400 mg work?

Answer: Albendazole works by inhibiting the worms' ability to absorb sugar, depriving them of energy, which ultimately leads to their death.

Question 3: What is the dosage of Albendazole 400 mg?

Answer: The dosage may vary depending on the type of infection, age, and weight. Generally, a single dose of 400 mg is prescribed for adults. The dosage should be taken as directed by a doctor.

Question 4: Should Albendazole 400 mg be taken with food?

Answer: Yes, Albendazole should be taken with food as it helps in better absorption of the drug and enhances its effectiveness.

Question 5: Can pregnant women take Albendazole 400 mg?

Answer: Pregnant women should consult their doctor before taking Albendazole. It is generally not considered safe for use during pregnancy.

Question 6: Can children be given Albendazole 400 mg?

Answer: The dosage for children is different and should be determined by a doctor. It is important to consult a doctor before giving this medication to children.

Question 7: How long is the course of Albendazole?

Answer: The duration of treatment depends on the type and severity of the infection. Typically, a single dose is sufficient, but in some cases, a course of a week or more may be required.