The Role of the Endocrinologist and Surgeon in Thyroid Cancer Treatment

The global incidence of thyroid cancer, a type of endocrine cancer, has increased over recent decades. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer and accounts for nearly 80% of all cases. Typically, PTC has a good prognosis but it requires specialized attention from experienced medical professionals.

The thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped gland that sits at the base of the neck, just below the Adam's apple, plays a critical role in regulating heart rate, body temperature and various metabolic processes. When cancer develops in this gland, early detection and expert care becomes paramount. Collaboration between endocrinologists and surgeons is essential for comprehensive thyroid cancer management, ensuring patients receive personalized and effective treatment plans. At Felix Hospital, the best hospital for thyroid cancer treatment, we offer world-class facilities and expert care.

Consult the specialists at Felix Hospital, the best endocrinology hospital in Noida. Schedule your appointment today to access advanced treatment and expert guidance.

Understanding Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the thyroid gland. This type of cancer is categorized into different types, and understanding these types helps to tailor treatment plans.
 

• Papillary Thyroid Cancer: This is the most common type of thyroid cancer and is often detected in early stages and is highly treatable. It can happen at any age, but it most often affects people between the age group of 30 to 50. 
   
• Follicular Thyroid Cancer: This rare type of thyroid cancer spreads to other tissues like bones or lungs. It usually affects people older than 50. 
   
• Medullary Thyroid Cancer: This is a rarer type of thyroid cancer and is said to have genetic links. Majority people with medullary thyroid cancer have a family history of the disease.
   
• Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A more aggressive and less common form of thyroid cancer is hardest to treat. It can cause severe signs and symptoms, such as neck swelling and spreads very quickly. It spreads to other parts of your body.

Causes of Thyroid Cancer

Several factors can contribute to the development of thyroid cancer, including:
 

• Genetic Predisposition: Family history of thyroid disease or cancer can increase your likelihood of thyroid cancer. 
   
• Radiation Exposure: Prolonged exposure to radiation during childhood or in specific workplaces is a risk factor.
  Iodine Deficiency or Excess: An imbalance of iodine in the diet can affect thyroid health.
   
• Gender and Age: Women are more likely to develop thyroid cancer, with risks increasing in middle age.
   
• Thyroiditis: If you have inflammation of your thyroid gland, you are prone to get thyroid cancer.

Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer symptoms often appear gradually and may be mistaken for less severe conditions. Common thyroid cancer symptoms include:
 

• A lump or swelling in the neck
• Difficulty swallowing or breathing
• Persistent hoarseness or voice changes
• Pain in the neck or throat
• Swollen lymph nodes in neck

Thyroid Cancer & Pregnancy

After breast cancer, thyroid cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed in pregnant women. Experts believe fluctuating hormone levels during pregnancy may trigger the cancer.

If you receive a thyroid cancer diagnosis during pregnancy, your doctor will discuss the treatment options. Depending on the cancer type and severity, you may be recommended to delay the treatment until you deliver your baby. However, if the treatment can’t wait, most people can safely undergo surgery to remove the cancerous gland.

Diagnosis of Thyroid Cancer

Accurate diagnosis is the cornerstone of effective thyroid cancer treatment. Common diagnostic methods include:
 

• Physical Examination: Your doctor will thoroughly assess you for lumps or swelling in the neck.
   
• Blood Tests: These tests check hormone levels and gauges whether your thyroid is functioning properly.
   
• Imaging: Radioactive iodine scan, CT imaging, PET scan of the thyroid gland can identify abnormalities and detect thyroid cancer. 
   
• Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) Biopsy: If the lymph node is located inside the neck then a thin needle is used to collect the tissue sample. The tissue sample from your thyroid is then examined under a microscope.
   
• Radioiodine Scans: This test can detect thyroid cancer and determine if cancer has spread.

Treatment for Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer treatment typically involves a multidisciplinary approach combining the expertise of endocrinologists and surgeons.

Role of the Endocrinologist

Endocrinologists specialize in diagnosing and managing thyroid disorders, including cancer. They assess the patient’s hormonal balance, monitor tumor markers, and recommend appropriate therapies such as:
 

• Thyroid Hormone Therapy: The therapy aids in suppression of TSH levels and reduces the risk of cancer recurrence.
   
• Radioactive Iodine Treatment: This treatment is used after surgery to eliminate remaining cancerous cells.

Role of the Surgeon

Surgery is often the first-line treatment for thyroid cancer. A skilled thyroid surgeon performs procedures like:
 

• Lobectomy or removal of one lobe of the thyroid gland.
   
• Total Thyroidectomy or complete removal of the thyroid gland to eliminate cancerous tissue.
   
• Lymph Node Dissection in advanced cases.

Other Treatment Options
 

• Radioiodine therapy: The radioiodine shrinks and destroys the diseased thyroid gland along with cancer cells. This treatment is very safe. 
   
• Radiation therapy: Radiation kills cancer cells and stops them from growing. Depending on your cancer type, you can be given external radiation therapy or brachytherapy. 
   
• Chemotherapy: Very few people diagnosed with thyroid cancer will ever need chemotherapy.

Prevention of Thyroid Cancer

While not all cases of thyroid cancer can be prevented, adopting a proactive approach can significantly lower risk factors. Here are some preventive measures to consider:
 

• Regular Health Checkups: Early detection through routine thyroid screenings, especially for those with a family history of thyroid disorders or cancer.
   
• Balanced Diet: Consuming iodine-rich foods such as fish, dairy products, and iodized salt can help maintain thyroid health.
   
• Genetic Counseling: For individuals with a family history of medullary thyroid cancer, genetic testing and counseling can help identify and manage risks effectively.

Meet the Thyroid Cancer Specialist at Felix Hospital

At Felix Hospital, recognized as the best endocrinology hospital in Noida, patients receive world-class care from a team of experienced specialists. The hospital is equipped with advanced diagnostic tools and a multidisciplinary team of endocrinologists, and oncologists led by Dr Vimal Gupta, Dr Mukta Baxi and Dr. Abhishek Shrivastava who collaborates to provide holistic thyroid cancer treatment.

If you are looking for the top hospital for thyroid cancer treatment in Noida, contact Felix Hospital. To book your appointment, contact us at:  +(91) 9667064100 .

Conclusion

Thyroid cancer, while a challenging condition, is highly treatable when addressed promptly and effectively. The collaboration between endocrinologists and surgeons is pivotal in delivering successful outcomes for patients. From diagnosis to treatment and post-surgical care, every step requires precision and expertise.

Felix Hospital, Noida, offers comprehensive treatment plans tailored to each patient’s needs. With state-of-the-art facilities and a dedicated team, the hospital ensures that patients receive the best possible care in a supportive environment.

For those seeking advanced thyroid cancer treatment or second opinion, contact us!

FAQs

Q- What are the early symptoms of thyroid cancer?
Ans- Early symptoms may include a lump in the neck, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, and swollen lymph nodes. It is advisable to seek medical evaluation if these symptoms persist.

Q- What are the complications of thyroid cancer?
Ans- Thyroid cancer can spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body, such as your liver, lungs or bones. Detecting and treating thyroid cancer in the early stages reduces your risk for metastasis.
 

Q- Can thyroid cancer come back?
Ans- Unfortunately, yes! In some cases thyroid cancer can recur (come back), even after treatment. But because thyroid cancer grows slowly, it could take up to 20 years to come back.

Q- What is the success rate of thyroid cancer treatment?
Ans- The success rate is very high, especially for papillary and follicular thyroid cancers when detected early and treated appropriately.

Q- Is surgery always required for thyroid cancer?
Ans- Surgery is often the primary treatment, but the need for surgery depends on the type and stage of the cancer. Other treatments like radioactive iodine therapy may also be recommended.

Q- How long does it take to recover from thyroid cancer treatment?
Ans- Recovery depends on several factors, including your age, the size and stage of your thyroid tumor, and what type of treatment you received. Talk to your doctor about what to expect during and after your thyroid cancer treatment.